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Java - Decision Making Decision making structures have one or more conditions to be evaluated or tested by the program, along with a statement or statements that are to be executed if the condition is determined to be true, and optionally, other statements to be executed if the condition is determined to be false. Following is the general form of a typical decision making structure found in most of the programming languages − Java programming language provides following types of decision making statements. Click the following links to check their detail. Sr.No. Statement & Description 1 if statement An  if statement  consists of a boolean expression followed by one or more statements. 2 if...else statement An  if statement  can be followed by an optional  else statement , which executes when the boolean expression is false. 3 nested if statement You can use one  if  or  else if  statement inside another  if ...

Java - Loop Control There may be a situation when you need to execute a block of code several number of times. In general, statements are executed sequentially: The first statement in a function is executed first, followed by the second, and so on. Programming languages provide various control structures that allow for more complicated execution paths. A  loop  statement allows us to execute a statement or group of statements multiple times and following is the general form of a loop statement in most of the programming languages − Java programming language provides the following types of loop to handle looping requirements. Click the following links to check their detail. Sr.No. Loop & Description 1 while loop Repeats a statement or group of statements while a given condition is true. It tests the condition before executing the loop body. 2 for loop Execute a sequence of statements multiple times and abbreviates the code that manages the loop vari...

Java - Basic Operators Java provides a rich set of operators to manipulate variables. We can divide all the Java operators into the following groups − Arithmetic Operators Relational Operators Bitwise Operators Logical Operators Assignment Operators Misc Operators The Arithmetic Operators Arithmetic operators are used in mathematical expressions in the same way that they are used in algebra. The following table lists the arithmetic operators − Assume integer variable A holds 10 and variable B holds 20, then − Show Examples Operator Description Example + (Addition) Adds values on either side of the operator. A + B will give 30 - (Subtraction) Subtracts right-hand operand from left-hand operand. A - B will give -10 * (Multiplication) Multiplies values on either side of the operator. A * B will give 200 / (Division) Divides left-hand operand by right-hand operand. B / A will give 2 % (Modulus) Divides left-hand operand by right-hand operand and returns remai...

Java - Variable Types A variable provides us with named storage that our programs can manipulate. Each variable in Java has a specific type, which determines the size and layout of the variable's memory; the range of values that can be stored within that memory; and the set of operations that can be applied to the variable. You must declare all variables before they can be used. Following is the basic form of a variable declaration − data type variable [ = value][, variable [ = value] ...] ; Here  data type  is one of Java's datatypes and  variable  is the name of the variable. To declare more than one variable of the specified type, you can use a comma-separated list. Following are valid examples of variable declaration and initialization in Java − Example int a , b , c ; // Declares three ints, a, b, and c. int a = 10 , b = 10 ; // Example of initialization byte B = 22 ; // initializes a byte type variable B. doub...

Java - Basic Datatypes Variables are nothing but reserved memory locations to store values. This means that when you create a variable you reserve some space in the memory. Based on the data type of a variable, the operating system allocates memory and decides what can be stored in the reserved memory. Therefore, by assigning different data types to variables, you can store integers, decimals, or characters in these variables. There are two data types available in Java − Primitive Data Types Reference/Object Data Types Primitive Data Types There are eight primitive datatypes supported by Java. Primitive datatypes are predefined by the language and named by a keyword. Let us now look into the eight primitive data types in detail. byte Byte data type is an 8-bit signed two's complement integer Minimum value is -128 (-2^7) Maximum value is 127 (inclusive)(2^7 -1) Default value is 0 Byte data type is used to save space in large arrays, mainly in p...